Ajoy Kumar Mukhopadhyay was born in 15.4.1901 in Tamluk, Mednipore. They were originally inhabitants of Uttarpara in the district of Hooghly.While reading in B.Sc. in Presidency College, he joined in non-corporation called by Gandhiji in Congress.He was in the fore front in Bengal of the Freedom movement of India. They were involved in political activities during quit India movement in Tamluk in the district of Midnapore. Dhara was entrusted the portfolios of war and home in Tamralipta Jatiya Sarkar (Tamralipta National Government) formed during the `42 movement. He also commanded Vidyut Bahini (the lightning brigade) of the parallel Government in Tamluk.
Ajoy Mukherjee passed many of his days in jail custody for participating in freedom movement.
In 1952 election he was elected as an MLA and became minister in Charge of Irrigation of Govt. of W.B. In 1963 he took the charge in organisational resposibilty in Congress according to Kamraj plan. He became President of Pradesh Congress in 1964. But due to some serious difference of opinion with Atulya Ghosh and Prafulla Chandra Sen, he left the Congress and formed "Bangla Congress". He defeated Prafulla sen in 1967 election in his constituency and secured a difference of record number ofvotes. He became the chief Minister of W.B.in the 1st United Front.
He took the same post for three in 1967, 1969 and 1971.
The Quit India Movement was the next major milestone after the Salt Satyagraha in the history of Indian independence struggle. It was a civil disobedience movement launched in August 1942 with Gandhiji’s call for immediate independence. It is also known as the Bharat Chodo Andolan or the August Kranti.
This historical movement played out in the backdrop of World War II. The British government entered India in the war unilaterally and without consultation with the Indian people. This angered Indians terribly. In March 1942, faced with an increasingly dissatisfied sub-continent, only reluctantly participating in the war, the British government sent a delegation to India under Stafford Cripps, in what came to be known as the Cripps' Mission. The purpose of the mission was to negotiate with the Indian National Congress a deal to obtain total co-operation during the war, in return of progressive devolution and distribution of power from the crown and the Viceroy to elected Indian legislature. The talks failed because they did not address the key demand of a timetable of self-government and of definition of the powers to be relinquished. It offered only limited dominion-status that was wholly unacceptable to the Indian movement.
This historical movement played out in the backdrop of World War II. The British government entered India in the war unilaterally and without consultation with the Indian people. This angered Indians terribly. In March 1942, faced with an increasingly dissatisfied sub-continent, only reluctantly participating in the war, the British government sent a delegation to India under Stafford Cripps, in what came to be known as the Cripps' Mission. The purpose of the mission was to negotiate with the Indian National Congress a deal to obtain total co-operation during the war, in return of progressive devolution and distribution of power from the crown and the Viceroy to elected Indian legislature. The talks failed because they did not address the key demand of a timetable of self-government and of definition of the powers to be relinquished. It offered only limited dominion-status that was wholly unacceptable to the Indian movement.
On July 14, 1942, the Indian National Congress passed a resolution demanding complete independence from Britain and massive civil disobedience. On August 8, 1942, the Quit India Resolution was passed at the Bombay session of the All India Congress Committee. The British, already alarmed by the advance of the Japanese army to the India/Burma border, responded the next day by imprisoning Gandhi at the Aga Khan Palace in Pune. All the members of the Congress Party's National Leadership were arrested and imprisoned at the Ahmednagar Fort. Due to the arrest of major leaders, a young and till then relatively unknown Aruna Asaf Ali presided over the AICC session on August 9, and hoisted the flag. Later, the Congress party was banned. These actions only created sympathy for the cause among the population. Inspired by Gandhiji’s "Do or Die" speech, the common masses eagerly jumped into the movement, despite lack of direct leadership. Large-scale protests and demonstrations were held all over the country. Workers remained absent and strikes were called. Not all the demonstrations were peaceful. At some places bombs exploded, government buildings were set on fire, electricity was cut, and transport and communication lines were severed.
The British swiftly responded with mass detentions. A total of over 100,000 arrests were made nationwide, mass fines were levied, and demonstrators were subjected to public flogging. Hundreds of resisters and innocent people were killed by police and army fire. Many national leaders went underground and continued their struggle by broadcasting messages over clandestine radio stations, distributing pamphlets, and establishing parallel governments. The British sense of crisis was strong enough that a battleship was specifically set aside to take Gandhi and the Congress leaders out of India, possibly to South Africa or Yemen, but such a step was ultimately not taken, out of fear of intensifying the revolt.
The entire Congress leadership was cut off from the rest of the world for over three years. Gandhiji's wife, Kasturba Gandhi, and his personal secretary, Mahadev Desai, died in a short space of months, and Gandhi's own health was failing. Despite this, Gandhi went on a 21-day fast and maintained a superhuman resolve to continue his resistance. Although the British released Gandhiji on account of his failing health in 1944, he kept up the resistance, demanding the complete release of the Congress leadership.
By early 1944, India was mostly peaceful again, while the entire Congress leadership was incarcerated. The movement died down, and when the British granted independence on August 15, 1947, they cited revolts and growing dissatisfaction among Royal Indian Armed Forces during and after the war as the driving force behind Britain's decision to leave India. However, the political experience gained by the Indian people through activities such as the Quit India movement laid the foundation for the strongest enduring tradition of democracy and freedom in post-colonial Africa and Asia.
PREMIERS TENURE
From To
Dr. Prafulla Chandra Ghosh 15.08.1947 2 2 . 0 1 . 1 9 48
Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy 23.01.1948 2 5 . 0 1 . 1 9 50
NAME OF THE CHIEF MINISTERS
Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy 26.01.1950 3 0 . 0 3 . 1 9 52
Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy 31.03.1952 0 5 . 0 4 . 1 9 57
Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy 06.04.1957 0 2 . 0 4 . 1 9 62
Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy 03.04.1962 0 1 . 0 7 . 1 9 62
Shri Prafulla Chandra Sen (Acting) 02.07.1962 08.07.1962
Shri Prafulla Chandra Sen 09.07.1962 28.02.1967
Shri Ajoy Kumar Mukhopadhyay 01.03.1967 21.11.1967
Dr. Prafulla Chandra Ghosh 21.11.1967 19.02.1968
President's Rule
Shri Ajoy Kumar Mukhopadhyay 25.02.1969 3 0 .07.1970
President's Rule
Shri Ajoy Kumar Mukhopadhyay 02.04.1971 2 5 . 0 6 . 1 9 71
President's Rule
Shri Siddhartha Sankar Ray 20.03.1972 3 0 . 0 4 . 1 9 77
President's Rule
Shri Jyoti Basu 21.06.1977 2 3 . 0 5 . 1982
Shri Jyoti Basu 24.05.1982 2 9 . 0 3 . 1 9 87
Shri Jyoti Basu 30.03.1987 1 8 . 0 6 . 1 9 91
Shri Jyoti Basu 19.06.1991 1 5 . 0 5 . 1 9 96
Shri Jyoti Basu 16.05.1996 0 5 . 1 1 . 2 0 00
Shri Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee 06.11.2000 1 4 . 0 5 . 2 0 01
Shri Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee 15.05.2001 1 7 . 0 5 . 2 0 06
Shri Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee 18.05.2006 1 9 . 0 5 . 2 0 11
Mamata Banerjee 20.05.2011
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