893. Hiranmoyee Ghosh (1893-1973), 894. Hiralal Dasgupta (1905-1971), 895. Hiralal Dasgupta (2) (1890-1971)

Hiranmoyee Ghosh was born in Shylet. She was influenced in Anti- Partition of Bengal 1905. She became widow at the age of 25 and came to her paternal house with her children. Here she came in contact with Revolutionary Birendra Sen and took patriotic movement. She was elected as a member of North Calcutta Womens' Organisation  She courted arrest for participating in Civil Disobedience Movement in 1930. She joined in Forward bloc formed by Subhas Chandra Bose in 1939. and participated in Quit India Movement in 1942.


Hiralal Dasgupta was born in Barisal. He started his political career as a close associate of Leader Jatindranath Sengupta. H joined all the movements launched by Congress in 1921. He remained in Jail as a state prisoner for 1930-1938. After release he became Secretary of Barisal Congress Committe. He joined in peasants movemntfrom 1940.He remained in Pakistan jail for eight years . The salvation struggle of Bangla Desh was started on 25.3.1971. when he was a prisoner in Pakistani Jail of Patuakhali. The Pakistani Army killed him mercilesssly and kept him in a ditch under earth.

Swadhinata-Sangrame Barishal by Hiralal Dasgupta

Hiralal dasgupta was born in Barishal.

Those who wish to know the history of Revolutionary Movement in Barishal, should read "SWADHINATA SANGRAME BARISHAL", a book by Hiralal Dasgupta in two volumes. This book takes the reader back to pre-independence Barishal, a region famous for its "paddy, rivers and canals". The first volume is divided into four chapters and the second volume is incomplete. The first chapter deals with the History of Chandradwip, the second chapter tells the story of 19th Century Barishal and the rise of revolutionary movement, the third chapter deals with the history of Aswini kumar's Swadesh Bandhab Samiti and Swadeshi, and the fourth is the history of Barishal Anushilan Samiti and Jugantar. The second volume contains the history of Barishal from 1920 to 1947. The author of this book lived in Jadavpur. His address was 45, Central Road. During 1950s, a committee was formed with Dr. Surendra Nath Sengupta as its President, Hiralal Dasgupta as Gen. Secy, and Mahendranath Dutta as Treasurer. The first meeting of the committee was held in 1951. The venue was 45, Central Road, Jadavpur. It was decided that a history of the revolutionary movement in Barishal would be written in details and it would represent the true spirit of Barishal. The responsibility for this difficult task was first given to Sashibhushan Dasgupta, but as he was busy, Hiralal Dasgupta was chosen. In 1965, Hiralal fell ill but continued his efforts till Oct, 1971. The book was finally published in 1972, when author was suffering from serious illness and lost his energy. The 700 pages of the original manuscript was published in the book-form, but 350 pages still remained to be published. In 1972, most of the members of the committee passed away, including the author himself. Seven secretaries out of eight and twelve members out of twenty already left this world when this book was published. All of them were revolutionaries of Barishal and they had first-hand knowledge of the movement. Only the treasurer Mahendranath Dutta was alive and due to his efforts, Sahitya Sansad published this book. Full of many interesting and unknown facts about Barishal, this book is a real treasure. One can view the "BIPLABI ANDOLON" through the eyes of a Biplabi. The Barishal of 1940s was totally different from the Barishal of 1920s. The revolutionary movement was overshadowed by the Congress and Gandhi's promises. However, none of this promises were fulfilled and in August, 1946, the Muslim League called for Direct Action Day. Barishal was covered with blood and the rest is history. Now the inevitable question comes-what led to the downfall of the Hindus in Barishal? Author shows many examples, but one example is most interesting--In those days, Nagendranath Dasgupta ( Shivaji kaviraj ) of khalisakota was the leader of Barishal Hindu Mahasabha. He was successful in attracting a large no of Namasudra population in Mahasabha. He, with the help of Gopal krishna Mukhopadhyay of Anushilan Samiti, personally met Namasudra leader Bhegai Haldar. A Namasudra Sanmelan was organized in Agailjhara village, where Namasudras from Faridpur, khulna etc participated. Pandit Madan Mohan Malavya was chosen President of it. Shyamsundar Chakraborty, and Padamraj Jain from kolkata came to witness it. "Thousands of Namasudras joined it and were accepted as a part of mainstream Hindu society." But the Muslim League was alarmed and finally the League was successful in creating a barries between the Jatiya Movement and the Namasudra movement. The League leaders made them believe that the true friend of the Namasudras were the Muslims, and their interests were the same. Henceforth, the Namasudras considered themselves different from the Hindus and they didn't join the National Movement. Another incidence of importance was Lakhutiya Massacre. The Zamindar of Lakhutiya was an active partner of the Swadeshi "THAKUR COMPANY". During the 1950's riots, the Hindus took refuge in Lakhutiya Rajbari. Then Indira Devi ( daughter of B. M. Chatterjee and wife of British Artillery Commander, Pareshlal Ray ), was present there. She had firearms with her and got assurance from the District Magistrate that Police would protect the Hindus. But Police didn't arrive and the Muslim Magistrate compelled her to leave that place. Indira Devi gave protection to those Hindus for three days, but after her departure, the Muslim mob surrounded that house. They set fire to the Lakhutiya Rajbari. When the Hindus came outside, they were brutally killed one by one. The villages of Magarpara, Sarshi, kalashgram, Hijla etc were attacked by the Muslim mob after this incident. In the words of Biplabi Gopal krishna Mukhopadhyay-" Tara eker por ek dol bedhe Hindu narider dharshan korlo.. Hindur matha diye genduya khela holo. Lakhutiyar aishyarjya o khyatir jabanika patan emni korei sanghatita holo. Grame bati jalate keu roilo na. Parshabarti gramguli chirotore nistabdha hoye gelo. Ei holo Barishal Swadhinata Sangram Mahanataker shesh drishya."

890. Himangsu Bimal Chakraborty, Bhattacharya , 891. Himangsu Mohan Basu (1906-1937), 892.Himangsu Sen ( 1915-1930)

Himangsu Bimal Chakraborty was born in Chittagonh.After Masterda being arrested , 4 youths of his group wanted to take revenge and on 7.1.1934 they attacked some officers in European Club maidan. He and Nitya Ranjan Sen became dead on the spot and Krishna Kumar Choudhury and Harendranath chakraborty were hanged.


Himangsu Mohan Basu was born in Munsigunj, Dhaka. He participated in Non-cooperation movement in 1921. The Heroic Revolutionaries took shelter in his house when they went underground. But they were arrested in 1930 Police supposing that they were associated with the attempt of Murdering Tegart Saheb. The British police tortured upon him inhumanly and kept him in Presidency Jail withoutgetting any prove of guilt.


Himangsu sen was born in Chittagong. He joined in secret revolutionary organisation in 1928. He was burnt seriously when he was going to set fire in the Chittagong Armoury on 18.4.1930.He then went underground.He was arrested from a house of Chandrapura of Chittagong. He died in Chittagong jail hospital.

888. Harendranath Munsi, 889. Hasarat Mohani, Maulana (1908-1951)Hasarat Mohani

Harendranath Munsi was jailed for 5 years in 1934 in Inter Provincial Conspiracy Case. While he was inDhaka jail he was undergoing hunger strike. The authority tried to feed him through nostril by introducing tube.But he died while doing so.

Maulana Hasrat Mohani (1 January 1875 – 13 May 1951) was a Romantic Poet of Urdu language, journalist, politician, parliamentarian of British India, besides a being a part of the Indian Independence Movement.

The real name of Maulana was Syed Fazl-ul-Hasan. Hasrat was his pen name which he used in the Urdu poetry and the word Mohani refers to the native place of Mohan where he was born. 'Inquilab Zindabad' was coined by the Maulana Hasarat Mohani in 1921

Short biography

The real name of Hasrat Mohani was Syed Fazl-ul-Hasan. He was born in 1875 at Mohan (town) in the Unnao district of United Province in British India. Since he was a poet ofUrdu, he had opted the pen name of Hasrat Mohani in Urdu shayri.

His ancestors migrated from Nishapur, in Iran.

Hasrat Mohani was not just a maverick when it came to publicly championing the radical thinking of Tilak. He also wrote verses expressing deep love for Krishna, and often went to Mathura to celebrate Krishna Janmashtami.

Career

Maulana Hasrat Mohani was a brilliant and hardworking student as well as a topper in his first state level exams. Later, he studied in Aligarh Muslim University, where some of his colleagues were Maulana Mohammad Ali Jauhar and Maulana Shaukat Ali. His teachers in poetry were Tasleem Lucknawi and Naseem Dehlvi.

Academic

A few of his books are Kulliyat-e-Hasrat Mohani (en. Collection of Hasrat Mohani's poetry), Sharh-e-Kalam-e-Ghalib (en. Explanation of Ghalib's poetry), Nukaat-e-Sukhan (en. Important aspects of poetry), Mushahidaat-e-Zindaan (en. Observations in Prison), etc. A very popular ghazal Chupke Chupke Raat Din sung by Ghulam Ali, was penned by him. He was also featured in the film Nikaah of 1982. The famous slogan of Indian freedom fighters Inquilab Zindabad was coined by Moulana Hasrat Mohani himself.

Political

In 1921 Ram Prasad Bismil attended Ahmedabad Congress along with many volunteers from Shahjahanpur and occupied a place on the dias. A senior congressman Prem Krishna Khanna and revolutionary Ashfaqulla Khan was also with him. Bismil played an active role in the Congress with Maulana Hasrat Mohani and got the most debated proposal of Poorn Swaraj passed in the General Body meeting of Congress. Mohandas K. Gandhi, who was not in the favour of this proposal became quite helpless before the overwhelming demand of youths. It was another victory of Bismil against the Liberal Group of Congress. He returned to Shahjahanpur and mobilised the youths of United Province for non-co-operation with the Government. The people of U.P. were so much influenced by the furious speeches and verses of Bismil that they became hostile against British Raj.

Struggle for Indian independence

Hasrat Mohani participated in the struggle for Indian Independence (end of British Raj); and was jailed for many years by British authorities. He was the first person in Indian History who demanded 'Complete Independence' (Azadi-e-Kaamil) in 1921 as he presided over an annual session of All India Muslim League. He was a practising Muslim.

Communist movement

He was among the founders of the Communist Party of India. He was also imprisoned for promoting anti-British ideas, especially for publishing an article against British policies in Egypt, in his magazine 'Urdu-e-Mualla'. Afterwards, unlike some Urdu poets like Josh Malihabadi and Nasir Kazmi, and many Muslim leaders, he chose to live in India rather than move to Pakistan after independence (1947) to represent left over Indian Muslims on various platforms. In recognition for his efforts, he was made a member of the constituent assembly which drafted the Indian constitution. But unlike other members, he never signed it since he saw hypocrisy towards Muslim minorities in it (he was a Muslim himself).

Critical appreciations

According to Akhtar Payami  : Hasrat's poetic genius has been acclaimed by many writers and critics. In the not too distant past (beginning and the first half of the 20th century), Hasrat Mohani, Jigar Moradabadi and Asghar formed a constellation of emerging poets in a crucial period of India's history. Major political developments were taking place in the subcontinent and the sun was about to set on the British Empire. As conscious members of society, poets and writers do not remain indifferent to the changes in their socio-political milieu. Not only India but the whole world was in a state of flux.

Death and legacy

Maulana Hasrat Mohani died on 13 May 1951 in Lucknow, India.

Hasrat Mohani Memorial Society was founded by Maulana Nusrat Mohani in 1951. In Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan, Hasrat Mohani Memorial Library and Hall Trust, Karachi have been established by Hasrat Mohani Memorial Society (Regd.) Every year, on his death anniversary, a memorial meeting is conducted by this Trust as well as many other organisations in India and Pakistan. Also Hasrat Mohani Colony, at Korangi Town in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan, was named after Maulana Hasrat Mohani. A famous and vast road is named after him in the financial hub of Karachi.

A girls' high school in Metiabruz, Kolkata, India, has been named after him – Hasrat Mohani Memorial Girls' Higher Secondary School.

Collection

• Kulliyat-e-Hasrat Mohani (Collection of Hasrat Mohani's poetry)
• Sharh-e-Kalam-e-Ghalib (Explanation of Ghalib's poetry)
• Nukaat-e-Sukhan (Important aspects of poetry)
• Mushahidaat-e-Zindaan

885. Haren Ghosh (1895-1947), 886. Harendranath Bhattacharya, 887. Harendranath Bhattacharya/ Chakraborty

Haren Ghosh was born in Jessore at his maternal uncle's house. He was a popular leader of congress in Howrah dist. He was the pioneer organiser  of musician's group in India and outside india. He was one of the promoter of Uday Sankar Roy for building his career. He collected money in different ways for Viswavarati when it was in financial stringency.Just before the winning of freedom he was murdered in a room of his own office at the famous shop on Dharmatola, namely Wasen Mollah owing to the disturbance of Communal riot.His full statue was erceted in Howrah Maidan. madeby the Howrah residents   as a remembrance.


Harendranath Bhattacharya was born in Kolkata. He participated in Tarakeshwar satyagraha and Salt Satyagraha(1930) and was jailed twice as a punishment. He died out of extreme beating by the police.


Harendranath Bhattacharya / Chakraborty was associated with Masterda. He was in charge of some resopnsible duties. After knowing the court order of Surya Sen to be hanged  he went to the Paltan Maidan where the Britrish soldiers were playing Cricket on 7.1.1934 and threw some bombs in the field . The other three young men of his group, made wounded some of them with bombs and revolver. Krishna Choudhury and he were hanged in Midnapore Central jail which accepted smiling.

882. Harekrishna Jana, 883. Harekrishna Bar, 884.Dr. Harekrekrushna Mahatab (1899-1987)

Harekrishna Jana was born in Midnapore. He participated in Civil disobedience Movement and Quit India movement. While he was in Kanthi Central Jail he was beaten to death by police.


Harekrishna Bar was born in Midanapore. He participated in Quit India movement. He died in his own village by the bullet of the Police.



Harekrushna Mahatab (21 November 1899 – 2 January 1987) was a leader of the Indian National Congress, a notable figure in the Indian independence movement and the Chief Minister of Odisha from 1946 to 1950 and again from 1956 to 1961. He was popularly known by the sobriquet Utkal Keshari

Early life

Harekrushna Mahtab was born at Agarpada village in Bhadrak district of Odisha. He was born to Krushna Charan Das and Tohapha Debi. After passing his matriculation examination from Bhadrak High School, he joined Ravenshaw College, Cuttack but left his studies in 1921 to join the independence movement.

Political career

In 1922, he was imprisoned and charged of sedition. He was the Chairman of Balasore District Board from 1924 to 1928. He became the member of Bihar and Odisha Council in 1924. He joined the Salt Satyagraha movement and was imprisoned again in 1930. He was elected as the General Officer Commanding of Congress Sevadal for the AICC session at Puri in 1932 and he was arrested when the party was banned. He participated in the movement against untouchability in 1934 and opened his ancestral temple to all for the first time in Odisha. Later, he started Gandhi Karma Mandir at Agarpada. He was the President of Utkal Pradesh Congress Committee from 1930 to 1931 and again in 1937. He was nominated to the Congress Working Committee by Subhas Chandra Bosein 1938 and continued till 1946 and again from 1946 to 1950. He was the President of State Peoples' Enquiry Committee in 1938 and recommended cancellation of Sanada of the rulers and merger of the erstwhile princely states with Odisha Province. He participated in the Quit India Movement in 1942 and was imprisoned from 1942 to 1945.

Mahatab was the first Chief Minister of Odisha from 23 April 1946 to 12 May 1950. He was the Union Minister of Commerce and Industry from 1950 to 1952. He became the secretary general of the Congress Parliamentary Party in 1952. He was the Governor of Bombay from 1955 to 1956. After resigning from Governorship in 1956, he again became the Chief Minister of Odisha from 1956 to 1960. During his tenures as the Chief Minister, he played significant role in the merger and integration of former princely states, shifting of the capital from Cuttack to Bhubaneshwar and the sanction and construction of the multi-purpose Hirakud Dam Project. He was elected to the Lok Sabha in 1962 and became the vice-president of the Indian National Congress in 1966. In 1966, he resigned from the Congress and led the Odisha Jana Congress. He was elected to the Odisha Legislative Assembly in 1967, 1971 and 1974. He was imprisoned in 1976 for protesting against the emergency.

Intellectual pursuits

He was the founder of the Prajatantra Prachar Samiti and started the weekly magazine Prajatantra in 1923 at Balasore, which later became the Daily Prajatantra. He was the chief editor of a monthly journal Jhankar since its inception. He received the Sahitya Academy award in 1983 for the third volume of his well-known work, Gaon Majlis.

Awards and honours

He was the President of Orissa Sahitya Academy and Sangit Natak Academy for a couple of terms. He received an honorary Doctorate degree from Andhra University, an honorary D.Litt. from Utkal University and an honorary Doctorate of Law from Sagar University.

881. Harekrishn a Konar (1915-1974)

Born on August 5, 1915, Comrade Harekrishna Konar passed away on July 23, 1974, at the early age of 59. This revolutionary fighter for freedom, became convinced that individual terrorism was futile, and Marxism-Leninism alone is the beacon light in the path of emancipation of the down-trodden throughout the world.

His was a life of total dedication – dedication to the cause of freedom, democracy and socialism.

At a very young age, in 1930, he was convicted for participation in the civil disobedience movement and later in 1932, convicted for revolutionary activities to overthrow the British Government and sent to the Cellular Jail in the Andamans.

It was during those days in the Andamans Jail that Comrade Harekrishna Konar came to accept Communism and became a member of the Communist Consolidation in the jail.

Released in 1938, when a mighty countrywide agitation forced the Government to release all those imprisoned in the Andamans, Comrade Harekrishna Konar plunged into the building of the revolutionary movement, the Communist Party and Kisan Sabha.

For years, he had been the General Secretary of the All India Kisan Sabha. His strident voice upholding the cause of the peasants and agricultural labourers and powerfully exposing the venomous character of the exploitation of the landlords had been heard within the protals of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly and throughout the country.

During the short span of a few months when he was the Land and Land Revenu Minister in the United Front Government in West Bengal in 1967 and again in 1969, he showed the only way by which even the limited land reforms could be implemented – viz., by the peasants and agricultural laboureres organising themselves and implementing the reforms and not by depending on the bureaucracy.

As a member of the Central Executive Committee of the united Communist Party, he was among those who fought to the bitter end the revisionist leadership. In the years 1959-62, he was among the foremost who fought the crassest chauvinism of the dominant leadership on the Sino-Indian dispute. When events made it impossible to continue in that party, he had no hesitation in leaving that party and was one of the founders of the Communist Party of India (Marxist). He had continued to be a member of the Central Committee. He fought the Left-sectarian trend in the Party when it raised the banner of revolt, defended the Marxist-Leninist line of the Party, and preserved the unity and strength of the Party.

Everyone who came in contact with him would be struck by his remarkable versatility. He was an able speaker, keeping his audience spell-bound, debator, writer, Party organiser and leader of the masses. In 1948, when the Party was declared illegal, he evaded arrest and till 1952, organised the Party and mass activities from the underground. His contribution in the Central Committee meetings was great.

During his whole life, he passionately worked for developing the agrarian revolutionary movement.

He had been incarcerated in jail for long years, both by the British and by the Congress Governments. Long years of jail and underground life had undermined his health. And yet, he carried on normal Party activities with a zeal which younger men might envy.

879. Harish Chandra Sikdar (1881-19370, 880. Harihar Das Acharya (1878-971)

Harish Chandra  was born in Jessore. When Atmonnati samity was formed in 1897, he was one of the front ranking leader. This organisation used to perform revolutionary deeds during WWI. This Organisation participated in anti-partion of Bengal movement. He courted arrests many times for taking leadership in this organisation.






Acharya Harihar Das was a Gandhite. he was editor of "Samaj" patrika in 1922. He participated in Non-Cooperation  in 1920 and Salt Satyagraha in 1930. He was released in 1934 and participated in Padayatra with Gandhiji. He was a member of Gandhi Seva Sangha aand President of Harijan Seva Sangha. He served with his life risk within flood victims in 1936. He courted arrests in 1940 and 1942 for participating in civil disobedience movement. He was released in 1944. He was president in Basic Education Forum and in the conference of All India Sarboday Sangha in Wardha in 1960..